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Table 1 Diagnostic investigations undertaken which were negative or within normal limits

From: Aseptic meningitis in the setting of giant cell arteritis (GCA): a case report

Autoimmune markers

Paraneoplastic and neuronal antibodies

Infective Screening

Other serum markers

CSF analysis

Broncho-alveolar lavage

Anti-CCP

Rheumatoid factor

Anti-dsDNA

ANA

MPO-ANCA

PR3-ANCA

ENA antibodies

HLA-B*51

ANNA-1/anti-Hu

ANNA-2/anti-Ri

Anti-PCA-1/Yo

Anti-PCA-2

Anti-CV2/CRMP5

Anti-PCA-Tr

Anti-Ma/Ta

Anti-GAD

Anti-Amphiphysin

HIV serology

Syphilis serology

Respiratory viral PCR

CMV PCR

EBV PCR

TB IGRA

Whipple’s serology

Serum ACE

LDH

Creatinine kinase

Serum PEP and free light chains

TSH

Vitamin B12

Enterovirus, HSV, VZV, EBV and CMV PCR

Cryptococcal antigen

Fungal culture

Flow cytometry

Bacterial culture

AFB staining and culture

Atypical pneumonia PCR

Cytology

Histopathology

Flow cytometry

  1. Note: Serum ammonia and immunoglobulin (Ig)G4 levels were not measured
  2. Abbreviations: CCP, Cyclic citrinullated peptide; dsDNA, Double stranded DNA; ANA, Antinuclear antibody; MPO-ANCA, Myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibody; PR3-ANCA, Proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibody; ENA, Extractable nuclear antigen; PCA, Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody; CRMP5, Collapsin response mediator protein 5; GAD, Glutamic acid decarboxylase; IGRA, Interferon-gamma release assay; ACE, Angiotensin converting enzyme; LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase; PEP, Protein electrophoresis; TSH, Thyroid-stimulating hormone; HSV, Herpes simplex; VZV, Varicella-Zoster; EBV, Epstein–Barr virus; CMV, Cytomegalovirus; PCR, Polymerase chain reaction; AFB, Acid fast bacilli