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  1. The real-world effectiveness of intravenous (IV) belimumab in treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been demonstrated in various countries through the OBSErve (evaluation Of use of Belimumab in clini...

    Authors: Alexander Mikhailovich Lila, Elena Aleksandrovna Aseeva, Alyona Igorevna Zagrebneva, Irina Borisovna Vinogradova, Ruzana Ramilovna Samigullina, Munther Khamashta, Tamer Elfishawy, Lindsey Teichman, Debora dos Santos, Juliana Queiroz, Larisa Alexandrovna Kniazeva and Saeed Noibi
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2025 9:4
  2. Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disabling musculoskeletal condition of unknown aetiology characterized by generalized musculoskeletal pain, extreme fatigue, mood disturbance, impaired cognition, and l...

    Authors: Mona H. Elhamamy, Adel A. Elbeialy, Maha S. Mohamed, Sabah E. Abdelraheem and Hala M. Elzomor
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2025 9:3
  3. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) affects all organ systems. As a result, fat intake and sedentary life are evident in the modern world. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, with its components, increased, l...

    Authors: Noura Mallouhi, Ahmad Nabil Alhouri, Naram Khalayli, Hasan Nabil Alhouri, Mayssoun Kudsi and Younes Kabalan
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2025 9:2
  4. Elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the potential interactions of RDW with genetic risk of incident RA remain unclear. This stud...

    Authors: Mingyang Chen, Jing Lei, Zhenqiu Liu, Renjia Zhao, Yanfeng Jiang, Kelin Xu, Tiejun Zhang, Chen Suo and Xingdong Chen
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2025 9:1
  5. Reducing inflammation is central to the management of RA. However, commonly used markers such as CRP and ESR, along with the DAS-28 score, have shown limitations. Hematologic indices, such as platelet-lymphocy...

    Authors: Maryam Masoumi, Maryam Bozorgi, Zahra Nourmohammadi, Mohammad Javad Mousavi, Aref Shariati and Jafar Karami
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:75
  6. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANE...

    Authors: Guangbin Ma, Shulin Zhang, Yiyan Luo, Chengcheng Zhang, Weina Xu and Liyan Wang
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:74
  7. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects multiple organ systems, including the esophagus. Moreover, one of the major side effects of methotrexate (MTX) is gastrointestinal disorders, which are said to affect medicati...

    Authors: Yuji Nozaki, Kazuya Kishimoto, Daisuke Tomita, Tetsu Itami, Chisato Ashida, Koji Kinoshita and Itaru Matsumura
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:73
  8. Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease associated with multiple factors. To evaluate the extent to which C-reactive protein (CRP) and genetic predisposition affect the incidence of psoria...

    Authors: Huarun Li, Haobin Zhang, Xiangyue Zhao, Jinping Huang, Junguo Zhang, Zhaoyan Liu, Ju Wen and Si Qin
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:72
  9. We investigated the longitudinal association between Serum Urate (SU) level and Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), Stroke, End Stage Renal Failure (ESRF) and all-cause mortality.

    Authors: Moses Yidong Lim, Weixiang Lian, Hwee Pin Phua, Htet Lin Htun, Kok Ooi Kong, Ling Li Foo, Teo Min-Li Claire and Wei-Yen Lim
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:71
  10. In patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), osteonecrosis of various joints is a debilitating complication associated with the disease and its treatment, in which a considerable proportion of osteonec...

    Authors: Forough Nadi, Esmat Abdollahpour, Babak Fallahi, Leila Aghaghazvini, Majid Alikhani, Mohammad Nejadhosseinian and Seyedeh Tahereh Faezi
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:70
  11. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving different doses based on renal function.

    Authors: Akira Maeyama, Masakazu Kondo, Hiroshi Harada, Eisuke Shono, Ryuji Nagamine, Tomomi Tsuru, Yasushi Inoue, Munetoshi Nakashima, Yutaro Yamasaki, Hiroaki Niiro, Yasuharu Nakashima and Takuaki Yamamoto
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:69
  12. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of tacrolimus (TAC) with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or cyclophosphamide (CYC) on the renal response in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.

    Authors: Siqin Sun, Xueyi Zhang, Qingqing Guo, Xiaojun Tang, Wei Shen, Jun Liang, Genhong Yao, Linyu Geng, Shuai Ding, Hongwei Chen, Hong Wang, Bingzhu Hua, Huayong Zhang, Xuebing Feng, Ziyi Jin and Lingyun Sun
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:68
  13. Inflammatory arthritis (IA) has been associated with various problems related to male sexual and reproductive health (SRH). However, addressing these issues in the clinic remains a challenge. In this study, we...

    Authors: L. F. Perez-Garcia, E. Röder, H. Pastoor, A. C. Lozada-Navarro, I. Colunga-Pedraza, T. Vargas-Aguirre, J. van Exel, A. Vargas-Guerrero and R. J. E. M. Dolhain
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:67
  14. Cholesterol embolism causes various organ dysfunctions, including skin, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract dysfunction, as well as immunological abnormalities, such as hypocomplementemia and eosinophilia. Howe...

    Authors: Daichi Umemoto, Ichizo Nishino, Daisuke Yamashita, Naoto Ishimaru and Hiroaki Nishioka
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:66
  15. Healthy lifestyle habits (regular physical activity, a healthy diet, no smoking and non-hazardous alcohol consumption) alongside pharmacological treatment can lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases and impr...

    Authors: Klara Drake af Hagelsrum, Ingrid Larsson, Ann Bremander, Jon T. Einarsson, Elisabet Lindqvist and Elisabeth Mogard
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:65
  16. Intermittent fasting (IF) has shown benefits in various pathological conditions. Although its anti-inflammatory potential has been recognized, its effects on the mechanism underlying rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ...

    Authors: Rubén Cuevas-Martínez, Susana Aideé González-Chávez, Mercedes Bermúdez, Joan Sebastian Salas-Leiva, Gregorio Vázquez-Olvera, Luis Carlos Hinojos-Gallardo, Eduardo Chaparro-Barrera, César Pacheco-Silva, Consuelo Romero-Sánchez, Carlos Esteban Villegas-Mercado and César Pacheco-Tena
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:64
  17. Chronic invasive rhinosinusitis with facial bone damage is a common cause of functional and social impairment in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) patients. To the best of our knowledge, there is no clini...

    Authors: Marília A. D. Furquim, Bidossessi W. Hounkpe, Valéria F. Caparbo, Henrique A. M. Giardini, Carmen S. V. Barbas, Diogo S. Domiciano, Samuel K. Shinjo and Rosa M. R. Pereira
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:63
  18. Thermography is an emerging imaging modality which allows for a quick and objective measure of joint surface temperature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To date, there are no published studies comp...

    Authors: York Kiat Tan, Gek Hsiang Lim, Chin Chin Ooi, Voon Chee Ma and Bimal Mayur Kumar Vora
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:62
  19. The histopathological analysis of minor salivary gland biopsies, particularly through the quantification of the Focus Score (FS), is pivotal in the diagnostic workflow for Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). AI-based ima...

    Authors: Jorge Álvarez Troncoso, Elena Ruiz-Bravo, Clara Soto Abánades, Alexandre Dumusc, Álvaro López-Janeiro and Thomas Hügle
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:60
  20. To provide evidence-based, up-to-date recommendations for physicians in primary and specialist healthcare setting in diagnosing and treating patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).

    Authors: Stig Tengesdal, Andreas P Diamantopoulos, Lene Kristin Brekke, Emilio Besada and Geirmund Myklebust
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:58
  21. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disorder characterized by diverse clinical manifestations, including a significant prevalence of headaches. This cross-sectional study aimed to t...

    Authors: Eman Samy, Enas S. Zahran, Mona Sabry and Hosna Elshony
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:57
  22. Fibromyalgia and chronic primary low back pain are two chronic pain conditions with a significant biopsychosocial burden. Recently, the International Association for the Study of Pain has grouped them under th...

    Authors: Bastien Couëpel, Mathieu Tremblay, Marjorie Bernier, Jacques Abboud and Martin Descarreaux
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:56
  23. Authors: Isabel Castrejón, Laura Cano, María José Cuadrado, Joaquín Borrás, Maria Galindo, Tarek C. Salman-Monte, Carlos Amorós, Carmen San Román, Isabel Cabezas, Marta Comellas and Alejandro Muñoz
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:55

    The original article was published in BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:31

  24. Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) significantly impacts patients’ lives. The ASAS-OMERACT guideline was formulated for the multidimensional evaluation of axSpA patients, employing a specific set of tools. Given ...

    Authors: Tinh Khampaen, Thanuchporn Kafaksom, Nichapa Dechapaphapitak, Nattakirana Tongdee and Parawee Chevaisrakul
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:54
  25. The prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) has been steadily increasing over the last thirty years, particularly among women. Due to the conflicting results of various studies on the link between rheumatoid a...

    Authors: Mohammad Erfan Ranjbaran and Maryam Kazemi
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:53
  26. Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA)-related foot involvement has been shown to have a profound impact on daily functioning, with most studies having focused on predominantly Caucasian populations. The aim was to describ...

    Authors: Vanessa H. Y. Teo, Kai Li Chia, Catherine Bowen, Manjari Lahiri, Peter P. M. Cheung, Deborah E. Turner and Kate Carter
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:52
  27. To assess agreement between patient survey report and physician recorded arthritic conditions and medication use in order to validate population-based epidemiologic approaches to auto-immune arthritic conditions.

    Authors: Shamil Jugnundan, Gabriela Schmajuk, Laura Trupin and Paul D. Blanc
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:51
  28. Environmental pollution of heavy metals is increasingly a problem and has become of great concern due to the adverse effects it causes worldwide. Heavy metal exposure has been implicated in health problems, in...

    Authors: Adel Elbeialy, Soaad El Sawy, Hala Elzomor and Rana Haddad
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:50
  29. A subset of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who remains symptomatic after failing to multiple drugs are deemed to have “difficult-to-treat RA” (D2T RA). Fatigue is a burdensome symptom for RA patients,...

    Authors: Leticia Leon, Dalifer Freites-Núñez, Alfredo Madrid, María Rodriguez-Mariblanca, Benjamín Fernandez-Gutierrez and Lydia Abasolo
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:49
  30. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the joints. The higher prevalence of RA among females, combined with the known effects of sex hormones on immune function, has ...

    Authors: Negin Namavari, Mohammad Jokar, Arnoosh Ghodsian, Hossein Kargar Jahromi and Vahid Rahmanian
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:48
  31. Safety remains a significant concern for biologic drugs, and studies are needed to ensure a comparable safety profile for biosimilars and their legacy treatments. Using Canadian administrative health data from...

    Authors: Marina G. Birck, Luck Lukusa, Denis Choquette, Gilles Boire, Walter P. Maksymowych, Harminder Singh, Waqqas Afif and Sasha Bernatsky
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:47
  32. Guided by the reserve capacity model, we evaluated the unique relationships between socioeconomic status (SES), reserve capacity (helplessness, self-efficacy, social support), and negative emotions on pain in ...

    Authors: Desiree R. Azizoddin, Richard Olmstead, Kris-Ann Anderson, Alanna E. Hirz, Michael R. Irwin, Shadi Gholizadeh, Michael Weisman, Mariko Ishimori, Daniel Wallace and Perry Nicassio
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:46
  33. Medication adherence is one of the key elements of the management of patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRDs), adherence/medication regimes are prone to being influenced by beliefs about m...

    Authors: Fatima Zahrae Taik, Noema El Mansouri, Rajaa Bensaid, Anass Adnine, Amine Amar, Maryam Fourtassi and Fatima Ezzahra Abourazzak
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:45
  34. To investigate the association between syndesmophytes and facet joint (FJ) lesions in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to identify clinical factors associated with FJ ankylosis (FJA) in thoracic ...

    Authors: Simin Liao, Jian Shang, Liuquan Cheng, Jian Zhu and Feng Huang
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:44
  35. To summarize clinical presentations, baseline characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and treatment outcomes through a systematic review of cases of crystal-induced arthritis in prosthetic joints in the literat...

    Authors: Haruki Sawada, Jared Dang, Bibek Saha, Luke Taylor, Yoshito Nishimura, Melissa Kahili-Heede, Cass Nakasone and Sian Yik Lim
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:43
  36. Methotrexate (MTX) remains the recommended first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, its response varies and is influenced by various factors. This study aimed to identify predictors of MTX ...

    Authors: Rudy Hidayat, Fara Fauzia, Faisal Parlindungan, Suryo Anggoro Kusumo Wibowo, Anna Ariane, Johanda Damanik and Abirianty Priandani Araminta
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:42
  37. Acrocyanosis is characterised by persistent bluish discolouration of the extremities, resulting from reduced peripheral blood flow leading to increased oxygen extraction. The aetiology can be divided into prim...

    Authors: Ezwan Rafizi Zakaria, Wan Syamimee Wan Ghazali, Hafsah Sazali, Nor Shuhaila Shahril, Salzihan Md Salleh and Siti Nurbaya Mohd Nawi
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:41
  38. Bone turnover makers (P1nP, B-ALP, CTX), bone modulators (Dkk1, sclerostin) and BMD were measured prospectively in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tofacitinib.

    Authors: Giovanni Adami, Giovanni Orsolini, Maurizio Rossini, Anna Fratucello, Angelo Fassio, Ombretta Viapiana, Elena Fracassi, Riccardo Bixio and Davide Gatti
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:40
  39. To investigate the factors associated with cause-specific discontinuation of long-term anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agent use in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

    Authors: Bora Nam, Nayeon Choi, Bon San Koo, Jiyeong Kim and Tae-Hwan Kim
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:39
  40. COVID-19 can induce a systemic inflammatory response with variable clinical manifestations. Similar to various viruses, COVID-19 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This article hig...

    Authors: Robin Sia, Benjamin Massouridis, Nicholas Ngan Kee, Bryan Yong, Catriona Mclean and Sian Campbell
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:37
  41. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of identifying enthesitis along with other inflammatory lesions and structural lesions on the MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) by readers of varying experience an...

    Authors: Dong Liu, Jiaoshi Zhao, Churong Lin, Budian Liu, Jinwei Li, Yuxuan Zhang, Ou Jin and Jieruo Gu
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:36
  42. Medical treatment for children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) has improved radically since the development of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. However, children suffer from pain and ...

    Authors: Karina Mördrup, Johanna Granhagen Jungner, Eva Broström, Karin Palmblad and Cecilia Bartholdson
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:35

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Rheumatology 2025 9:6

  43. to detect the role of procalcitonin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate to c-reactive protein (ESR/CRP) ratio, neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the diagnosis of inf...

    Authors: Rasha A. Abdel-Magied, Nehal W. Mokhtar, Noha M. Abdullah and Al-Shaimaa M. Abdel-Naiem
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:34
  44. To characterize sleep disturbance in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and explore the relationship between sleep and mechanisms of central nervous system pain regulation.

    Authors: Burcu Aydemir, Lutfiyya N. Muhammad, Jing Song, Kathryn J. Reid, Daniela Grimaldi, Ariel Isaacs, Mary Carns, Kathleen Dennis-Aren, Dorothy D. Dunlop, Rowland W. Chang, Phyllis C. Zee and Yvonne C. Lee
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:33
  45. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an increasingly recognized complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Many risk factors for RA-related ILD were rep...

    Authors: Ayah M. Boudal, Rafif G. Alsaigh, Nuha N. Alrajhi, Majdy M. Idrees, Mohammed A. Omair, Hanan Mohammed Al Rayes, Mufaddal Adil Alaithan, Esam H. Alhamad, Nayef Hadi Alqahtani, Kawther Ghassan Bohuliga, Nawaf Y. Alenezi and Fawaz A Alharbi
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:32
  46. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may result in great impact on patients’ quality of life, social relationships, and work productivity. The use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in routine care cou...

    Authors: Isabel Castrejón, Laura Cano, María José Cuadrado, Joaquín Borrás, Maria Galindo, Tarek C. Salman-Monte, Carlos Amorós, Carmen San Román, Isabel Cabezas, Marta Comellas and Alejandro Muñoz
    Citation: BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:31

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Rheumatology 2024 8:55

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